In the furrows, where We tried to sow the seed of a sincere peace, other men - the "enemy" of Holy Scripture - oversowed the cockle of distrust, unrest, hatred, defamation, of a determined hostility overt or veiled, fed from many sources and wielding many tools, against Christ and His Church. "[41], 3. Nothing but ignorance and pride could blind one to the treasures hoarded in the Old Testament. After its clandestine distribution, the document was hidden by many congregations in their tabernacles for protection. Beneath her dome, as beneath the vault of heaven, there is but one country for all nations and tongues; there is room for the development of every quality, advantage, task and vocation which God the Creator and Savior has allotted to individuals as well as to ethnical communities. The live history of other national churches with their paralysis, their domestication and subjection to worldly powers, is sufficient evidence of the sterility to which is condemned every branch that is severed from the trunk of the living Church. Mit brennender Sorge (en español, Con viva preocupación) es una encíclica del papa Pío XI sobre la situación de la Iglesia en la Alemania nazi, publicada el 14 de marzo de 1937. i. Since Christ, the Lord's Anointed, finished the task of Redemption, and by breaking up the reign of sin deserved for us the grace of being the children God, since that day no other name under heaven has been given to men, whereby we must be saved (Acts iv. venerable brethren, greetings, and apostolic blessing. His command to hear the Church (Matt. …helped draft the anti-Nazi encyclical Mit brennender Sorge (“With Deep Anxiety”), written partly in response to the Nürnberg Laws and addressed to the German church on March 14, 1937. Historian Garry Wills, in the context of Jews having traditionally been described as deicides, says that the encyclical affirms " 'Jesus received his human nature from a people who crucified him' – not some Jews, but the Jewish people" and that it was also Pius XI who had disbanded the Catholic organization "Friends of Israel" that had campaigned to have the charge of deicide dropped. [42] The encyclical dismisses "[Nazi] attempts to dress up their ghastly doctrines in the language of religious belief. The day will come when the Te Deum of liberation will succeed to the premature hymns of the enemies of Christ: Te Deum of triumph and joy and gratitude, as the German people return to religion, bend the knee before Christ, and arming themselves against the enemies of God, again resume the task God has laid upon them. With an indifference bordering on contempt the day of the Lord is divested of its sacred character, against the best of German traditions. But ancient paganism acknowledged that the axiom, to be entirely true, must be reversed and be made to say: "Nothing can be useful, if it is not at the same time morally good" (Cicero, De Off. They could celebrate mass and retain their rituals as much as they liked, but they could have nothing at all to do with German society otherwise. The fool who has said in his heart "there is no God" goes straight to moral corruption (Psalms xiii. 11. ... the encyclical stepped lightly around the issue of racism so as to keep the Concordat intact. In 1937 the Church was concerned not with the Jews but with entirely different matters that the Church considered more important and more urgent. ), The Nazi principle that "Right is what is advantageous to the people" was rejected on the basis that what was illicit morally could not be to the advantage of the people. As Peter Godman has pointed out, this was a political decision that ignored the immorality of Nazi racism as it had been discerned by in-house committees at the Vatican. Their protests culminated in the searing anti-Nazi encyclical, Mit brennender Sorge (1937), written in German and read from Catholic pulpits throughout Nazi Germany. No faith in God can for long survive pure and unalloyed without the support of faith in Christ. [24] The Concordat, wrote William Shirer, "was hardly put to paper before it was being broken by the Nazi Government". It was not the case that Pius failed to "spare the Führer," or called him a "mad prophet possessed of repulsive arrogance." In sections 1–8 of the encyclical Pius XI wrote of his "deep anxiety" on observing "with ever growing dismay" the travails of the Catholic Church in Germany with the terms of Concordat being openly broken and the faithful being oppressed as had never been seen before. 9). Some of his counsellors try to persuade him to declare the Concordat as null and void. Mgr. But if, without any fault of Ours, this peace is not to come, then the Church of God will defend her rights and her freedom in the name of the Almighty whose arm has not shortened. 22). [20] According to Paul O'Shea, Hitler had a "blatant disregard" for the Concordat, and its signing was to him merely a first step in the "gradual suppression of the Catholic Church in Germany". Do not drag the nobility of that freedom in the mud of sin and sensuality. Mit Brennender Sorge, translated as With Burning Concern, is a 1937 encyclical published by the Italian Pope Pius XI. The rights of parents in the education of their children are defended under natural law and the "notorious coercion" of Catholic children into interdenominational schools are described as "void of all legality"(sections 33–37). 24). Only thus can we show to the present generation, and to the critics of the Church that "the salt of the earth," the leaven of Christianity has not decayed, but is ready to give the men of today - prisoners of doubt and error, victims of indifference, tired of their Faith and straying from God - the spiritual renewal they so much need. 31. But if, besides these reprehensible discrepancies be between faith and life, acts and words, exterior conduct and interior feelings, however numerous they be, anyone overlooks the overwhelming sum of authentic virtues, of spirit of sacrifice, fraternal love, heroic efforts of sanctity, he gives evidence of deplorable blindness and injustice. CZCIGODNI BRACIA, Pozdrowienie i … Laws and measures which in school questions fail to respect this freedom of the parents go against natural law, and are immoral. [Whoever does not wish to be a Christian ought at least to renounce the desire to enrich the vocabulary of his unbelief with the heritage of Christian ideas. But the Founder of the Church, who breathed her into existence at Pentecost, cannot disown the foundations as He laid them. There is, unfortunately, no hope that the German Reich will come back to a full respect of its Concordat obligations and that the Nazis will give up those of their doctrines which have been condemned by the Pope in the new Encyclical. Piusz pápa „Égető aggodalommal” kezdetű enciklikája (németül: Mit brennender Sorge) azon kivételes enciklikák egyike, melyek nem latinul íródtak. What We object to is the voluntary and systematic antagonism raised between national education and religious duty. May every one of you be able to answer: "Of them whom thou hast given me, I have not lost any one" (John xviii. 1). Mit Brennender Sorge (Avec une vive inquiétude), par Pie XI, le 14 mars 1937 Lettre encyclique à nos véritables archevêques et évêques allemands et … But side by side with innumerable touches of greatness and nobleness, they also record the story of the chosen people, bearers of the Revelation and the Promise, repeatedly straying from God and turning to the world. ENCYCLICAL OF POPE PIUS XI ON THE CHURCH AND THE GERMAN REICH TO THE VENERABLE BRETHREN THE ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS OF GERMANY AND OTHER ORDINARIES IN PEACE AND COMMUNION WITH THE APOSTOLIC SEE. (Wenn er nicht Christ sein will, sollte er wenigstens darauf verzichten, den Wortschatz seines Unglaubens aus christlichem Begriffsgut zu bereichern. 30. Religious lessons maintained for the sake of appearances, controlled by unauthorized men, within the frame of an educational system which systematically works against religion, do not justify a vote in favor of non-confessional schools. Thomas Banchoff considers this the first explicit mention of human rights by a Pope, something the Pope would affirm the following year in a little-noticed letter to the American Church. 10. This obedience permeates all branches of activity in which moral values claim harmony with the law of God, and pervades all integration of the ever-changing laws of man into the immutable laws of God. Whoever identifies, by pantheistic confusion, God and the universe, by either lowering God to the dimensions of the world, or raising the world to the dimensions of God, is not a believer in God. It would seem that the Vatican, desirous of finding a modus vivendi, however slight the chance of it may appear, wishes to clear up any possible misunderstanding. Dénonçant le non-respect du concordat du 20 juillet 1933, elle contient également des critiques de l'idéologie national-socialiste, condamnant le racisme, le naturalisme, le non-primat des principes de grâce et de dignité humaine, la remise en question de la valeur de la vie humaine, le culte de l'État et du chef et le paganisme1,2. mit brennender sorge. But if, without any fault of Ours, this peace is not to come, then the Church of God will defend her rights and her freedom in the name of the Almighty whose arm has not shortened...[41], The encyclical was written in German and not the usual Latin of official Catholic Church documents. iii 11). In fact it will have seemed to him to be the final rejection of his world-view by Catholicism". 39. While some of Pius' language is sweeping and can be given a wider construction, basically the Pope had condemned neopaganism and the denial of religious freedom – no less and no more[85], Catholic holocaust scholar Michael Phayer concludes that the encyclical "condemned racism (but not Hitler or National Socialism, as some have erroneously asserted)". It is part of their sacred obligations to do whatever is in their power to enforce respect for, and obedience to, the commandments of God, as these are the necessary foundation of all private life and public morality; to see that the rights of His Divine Majesty, His name and His word be not profaned; to put a stop to the blasphemies, which, in words and pictures, are multiplying like the sands of the desert; to encounter the obstinacy and provocations of those who deny, despise and hate God, by the never-failing reparatory prayers of the Faithful, hourly rising like incense to the All-Highest and staying His vengeance. The peak of the revelation as reached in the Gospel of Christ is final and permanent. The language of Divini Redemptoris was stronger than that of Mit brennender Sorge, its condemnation of Communism even more absolute than the attack on Nazism. [41], In his history of the German resistance, Anton Gill interprets the encyclical as having asserted the "inviolability of human rights". 21. 27. [45], Vidmar wrote that the encyclical condemned particularly the paganism of the national-socialist ideology, the myth of race and blood, and the fallacy of their conception of God. 17), We address a few paternal words to the young. The priest's first loving gift to his neighbors is to serve truth and refute error in any of its forms. That would, indeed, have been impossible, as the Nazi movement is relatively young and it is doubtful whether certain ideas are "official" and essential parts of its doctrine or not. To consoling and edifying information on the stand the Faithful are making for their Faith, they considered themselves bound, in spite of efforts to judge with moderation and in spite of their own patriotic love, to add reports of things hard and unpleasant. Venerable Brethren, We are convinced that the words which in this solemn moment We address to you, and to the Catholics of the German Empire, will find in the hearts and in the acts of Our Faithful, the echo responding to the solicitude of the common Father. The impact of the encyclical was immense, and it dispelled at once all suspicion of a Fascist Pope. The Church cannot wait to deplore the devastation of its altars, the destruction of its temples, if an education, hostile to Christ, is to profane the temple of the child's soul consecrated by baptism, and extinguish the eternal light of the faith in Christ for the sake of counterfeit light alien to the Cross. xix. 37. Pope Pius XI - 1937 To the Venerable Brethren the Archbishops and Bishops of Germany and other Ordinaries in Peace and Communion with the Apostolic See. We live in its shadow and die in its embrace. März veröffentlicht. MIT BRENNENDER SORGE Do Czcigodnych Braci Arcybiskupów i Biskupów niemieckich oraz innych Ordynariuszów, utrzymujących pokój i jedność ze Stolicą Apostolską. Their rights and duties as educators, conferred on them by God, are at present the stake of a campaign pregnant with consequences. It is impossible to be at once a good Catholic and a good National-Socialist,' is confirmed today." Mit Brennender Sorge 547 Patriot' variety. At the conclusion of the semester, there will be a panel discussion and a 5-10 page paper, followed by a short bibliography of consulted works, including web resources.Students should select one of the following for the panel discussion and long paper: [52], Historian Michael Phayer wrote that the encyclical doesn't condemn Hitler or National Socialism, "as some have erroneously asserted". 1. Parents who are earnest and conscious of their educative duties, have a primary right to the education of the children God has given them in the spirit of their Faith, and according to its prescriptions. He who searches the hearts and reins (Psalm vii. The cross of Christ, though it has become to many a stumbling block and foolishness (1 Cor. As to those who imagine that they can reconcile exterior infidelity to one and the same Church, let them hear Our Lord's warning: - "He that shall deny me before men shall be denied before the angels of God" (Luke xii. 18)...[41], Historian Michael Burleigh views the following passage as a rejection of the Nazis' conception of collective racial immortality:[56], 24. [43], Martin Rhonheimer writes that while Mit brennender Sorge asserts "race" is a "fundamental value of the human community", "necessary and honorable", it condemns the "exaltation of race, or the people, or the state, or a particular form of state", "above their standard value" to "an idolatrous level". They were also inadequate to counter the passivity and widespread indifference to the fate of Jews caused by this kind of Christian anti-Judaism and anti-Semitism, especially when it was combined with newly awakened national pride. [12] Though Hitler is not named in the encyclical, it does refer to a "mad prophet" that some say refers to Hitler himself. [86] Other Catholic scholars have regarded the encyclical as "not a heatedly combative document" as the German episcopate, still ignorant of the real dimension of the problem, still entertained hopes of a Modus vivendi with the Nazis. Faith in these truths, which in your country are today the butt of the cheap derision of Christ's enemies, belongs to the inalienable treasury of Christian revelation. 9). The note was not a defence of Nazism, but a criticism of the Vatican's action at a time when negotiations on the relations between the Vatican and Germany were still in being. Whoever exalts race, or the people, or the State, or a particular form of State, or the depositories of power, or any other fundamental value of the human community - however necessary and honorable be their function in worldly things - whoever raises these notions above their standard value and divinizes them to an idolatrous level, distorts and perverts an order of the world planned and created by God; he is far from the true faith in God and from the concept of life which that faith upholds. 1). The total number of religious and secular priests in Germany, according to the Catholic paper Der Deutsche Weg, is 122,792. A los venerables hermanos, arzobispos, obispos y otros ordinarios de Alemania en paz y comunión con la Sede Apostólica . After hearing their account, We could, in grateful acknowledgment to God, exclaim with the Apostle of love: "I have no greater grace than this, to hear that my children walk in truth" (John iii. On the other hand, any reformatory zeal, which instead of springing from personal purity, flashes out of passion, has produced unrest instead of light, destruction instead of construction, and more than once set up evils worse than those it was out to remedy. 7. Contrary to what Anthony Rhodes in The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators writes, there were oblique references to Hitler. This God, this Sovereign Master, has issued commandments whose value is independent of time and space, country and race. The same moment when Peter, in the presence of all the Apostles and disciples, confesses his faith in Christ, Son of the Living God, the answer he received in reward for his faith and his confession was the word that built the Church, the only Church of Christ, on the rock of Peter (Matt. 34. XI. 15), to welcome in the words and commands of the Church His own words and His own commands (Luke x. Eyes not blinded by prejudice or passion will see in this prevarication, as reported by the Biblical history, the luminous splendor of the divine light revealing the saving plan which finally triumphs over every fault and sin. Applause for Church leaders whenever they appeared in public, swollen attendances at events such as Corpus Christi Day processions, and packed church services were outward signs of the struggle of;... especially of the Catholic Church – against Nazi oppression". As a result, the encyclical was "not directly polemical" but "diplomatically moderate", in contrast to the encyclical Non abbiamo bisogno dealing with Italian fascism. Nobody, therefore, can say: "I believe in God, and that is enough religion for me," for the Savior's words brook no evasion: "Whosoever denieth the Son, the same hath not the Father. The Catholic Herald reported on 23 April: It is understood that the Vatican will reply to the note of complaint presented to it by the German Government in regard to the Encyclical Mit Brennender Sorge. You are often told about the human deficiencies which mar the history of the Church: why ignore the exploits which fill her history, the saints she begot, the blessing that came upon Western civilization from the union between that Church and your people? iv. Breaking with tradition, Pope Pius XI chose to issue his encyclical Mit brennender Sorge in German rather than Latin. 24. 1), and the number of these fools who today are out to sever morality from religion, is legion. From the fullness of the Creators' right there naturally arises the fullness of His right to be obeyed by individuals and communities, whoever they are. [83] Scholder wrote: However, whereas the encyclical Divini Redemptoris mentioned Communism in Russia, Mexico and Spain directly by name, at the suggestion of Faulhaber the formulation of the encyclical Mit brennender Sorge was not polemical, but accused National Socialism above all indirectly, by a description of the foundations of the Catholic Church....As things were every hearer knew what was meant when it mentioned 'public persecution' of the faithful, 'a thousand forms of organized impediments to religion' and a 'lack of teaching which is loyal to the truth and of the normal possibilities of defence'. "The Holocaust: What Was Not Said", First Things 137 (November 2003): 18–28. Lewy, Catholic Church and Nazi Germany, 1964, p. 158-159. But she also knows that to this freedom limits have been set by the majesty of the divine command, which founded that Church one and indivisible. The Gestapo visited the offices of every German diocese the next day and seized all the copies they could find. ... Whoever identifies, by pantheistic confusion, God and the universe, by either lowering God to the dimensions of the world, or raising the world to the dimensions of God, is not a believer in God. Beloved sons, who participate with Us in the sacred mysteries, never tire of exercising, after the Sovereign and eternal Priest, Jesus Christ, the charity and solicitude of the Good Samaritan. The experiences of these last years have fixed responsibilities and laid bare intrigues, which from the outset only aimed at a war of extermination. Should the day ever come to place before the world the account of Our efforts, every honest mind will see on which side are to be found the promoters of peace, and on which side its disturbers. Our God is the Personal God, supernatural, omnipotent, infinitely perfect, one in the Trinity of Persons, tri-personal in the unity of divine essence, the Creator of all existence. [1] Written in German, not the usual Latin, it was smuggled into Germany for fear of censorship and was read from the pulpits of all German Catholic churches on one of the Church's busiest Sundays, Palm Sunday (21 March that year). He that confesseth the Son hath the Father also" (1 John ii. Paul O'Shea; A Cross Too Heavy; Rosenberg Publishing; p. 234-5; William L. Shirer; The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich; Secker & Warburg; London; 1960; p234-5, Peter Hoffmann; The History of the German Resistance 1933–1945; 3rd Edn (First English Edn); McDonald & Jane's; London; 1977; p.14. xii. Whoever counters these erroneous developments with an uncompromising No from the very outset, not only serves the purity of his faith in Christ, but also the welfare and the vitality of his own people. Use your influence on the Faithful, that they refuse to yield to this aberration. Take care, Venerable Brethren, that above all, faith in God, the first and irreplaceable foundation of all religion, be preserved in Germany pure and unstained. Two thousand functionaries of the Bavarian People's Party were rounded up by police in late June 1933, and that party, along with the national Catholic Centre Party, ceased to exist in early July. 4). False coins of this sort do not deserve Christian currency. [The Catholic Church] could not silently accept the general persecution, regimentation or oppression, nor in particular the sterilization law of summer 1933. At a time when your faith, like gold, is being tested in the fire of tribulation and persecution, when your religious freedom is beset on all sides, when the lack of religious teaching and of normal defense is heavily weighing on you, you have every right to words of truth and spiritual comfort from him whose first predecessor heard these words from the Lord: "I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not: and thou being once converted, confirm thy brethren" (Luke xxii. Against this background to the encyclical, Faulhaber suggested in an internal Church memorandum that the bishops should inform the Nazi regime, that the Church, through the application of its marriage laws, has made and continues to make, an important contribution to the state's policy of racial purity; and is thus performing a valuable service for the regime's population policy. The extension of the Dictators writes, there were oblique references to Hitler is written: the thy! O Crkvi u Njemačkom Reichu ''. 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